Cannabis Science and Technology’s Extraction User Survey

For cannabis flower, cannabinoids occur at concentrations far too high for traditional spike recovery experiments to meaningfully assess extraction efficiency. Even large spike additions contribute only a small fraction of the total analyte mass, making recovery results insensitive to extraction performance. This article explains why extraction efficiency for cannabinoid methods must instead be established through matrix-exhaustive, sequential extraction studies.

Here, we review the major developments of 2025 impacting the legal cannabis and hemp industries, including state-specific hemp policies, the long-awaited 2024 Farm Bill, and the continuing federal process around cannabis rescheduling. It concludes with what stakeholders should expect as the stage is set for consequential policy activity in 2026.